Ukushoda kwe-semiconductor kusasele.
Njengoba isidingo sezimoto zikagesi siqhubeka nokukhuphuka (izimoto zikagesi eziningi zabhaliswa ngo-2021 kunaseminyakeni emihlanu edlule zihlangene, ngokusho kweNhlangano Yabakhiqizi Bezimoto Nabahwebi), isidingo sama-microchips nama-semiconductors siyakhula.Ngeshwa, ukushoda kwe-semiconductor obekulokhu kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2020 kusekhona futhi kusaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela embonini yezimoto zikagesi.
Izimbangela Zokushoda Okuqhubekayo
Ikhredithi Yesithombe: Getty Images
Lo bhubhane uyingxenye yecala lokushoda kwe-microchip okuqhubekayo, njengoba amafekthri amaningi, amachweba, nezimboni zibhekene nokuvalwa nokushoda kwabasebenzi, okuba kubi kakhulu ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo se-elekthronikhi ngezinyathelo zokuhlala ekhaya kanye nokusebenza-ekhaya.Ngokukhethekile embonini yezimoto zikagesi, ukwanda kwesidingo samaselula kanye nama-chip ka-elekthronikhi kwaphoqa abakhiqizi ukuthi banikeze amamodeli abo anenzuzo ephezulu, umakhalekhukhwini.
Inombolo elinganiselwe yabakhiqizi be-microchip nayo yengeze ukushoda okuqhubekayo, i-TMSC yase-Asia kanye ne-Samsung elawula ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-80 emakethe.Lokhu akugxili kakhulu emakethe, kodwa futhi kwandisa isikhathi sokuhola ku-semiconductor.Isikhathi sokuhola—isikhathi esiphakathi kokuthi umuntu a-oda umkhiqizo nalapho uthunyelwa—sikhuphuke safinyelela kumaviki angu-25.8 ngo-December 2021, izinsuku eziyisithupha ezinde kunenyanga edlule.
Esinye isizathu sokushoda kwe-microchip okuqhubekayo isidingo esikhulu sezimoto zikagesi.Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zinyukile ekuthengisweni nasekudumeni, kuphinde kubonakale ebuningini bezikhangiso ze-Super Bowl LVI, kodwa imoto ngayinye idinga ama-chips amaningi.Ukuze sikubeke kucace, iFord Focus isebenzisa cishe ama-semiconductor chips angama-300, kanti i-Mach-e kagesi isebenzisa cishe ama-semiconductor chips angu-3,000.Ngamafuphi, abakhiqizi be-semiconductor abakwazi ukuhambisana nesidingo sezimoto zikagesi zama-chips.
Ukusabela kwango-2022 okuvela embonini yezimoto zikagesi
Ngenxa yokushoda okuqhubekayo, izinkampani zezimoto zikagesi kuye kwadingeka zenze izinguquko ezibalulekile noma zivalwe.Mayelana nezinguquko, ngoFebhuwari 2022 uTesla wanquma ukususa eyodwa yamayunithi amabili okulawula ama-elekthronikhi afakwe kuma-racks wezimoto zabo ze-Model 3 kanye ne-Model Y ukuze ahlangabezane nemigomo yokuthengisa yekota yesine.Lesi sinqumo sihambisana nokushoda futhi sesithinte amashumi ezinkulungwane ezimoto kumakhasimende aseChina, Australia, United Kingdom, Germany, nakwezinye izingxenye ze-Europe.U-Tesla akazange azise amakhasimende ngalokhu kususwa ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye ayisebenzi futhi ayidingeki kusici sosizo somshayeli weleveli 2.
Mayelana nokuvalwa, ngoFebhuwari 2022 abakwaFord bamemezele ukumisa noma ukuguqulwa kwesikhashana kokukhiqizwa ezindaweni ezine zokukhiqiza zaseNyakatho Melika ngenxa yokushoda kwe-microchip.Lokhu kuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaFord Bronco nama-Explorer SUV;i-Ford F-150 kanye ne-Ranger pickups;i-Ford Mustang Mach-E i-crossover kagesi;kanye neLincoln Aviator SUV ezitshalweni eMichigan, Illinois, Missouri, naseMexico.
Naphezu kokuvalwa, iFord isalokhu inethemba.Abaphathi bakwaFord batshele abatshalizimali ukuthi amanani okukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke azokwenyuka ngamaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15 ngo-2022. Isikhulu esiphezulu uJim Farley uphinde washo embikweni waminyaka yonke ka-2022 ukuthi iFord ihlela ukuphinda kabili umthamo wayo wokukhiqiza izimoto zikagesi ngo-2023 ngenhloso yezimoto zikagesi ezimele okungenani. Amaphesenti angama-40 emikhiqizo yawo ngo-2030.
Izixazululo Ezingenzeka
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izici noma imiphumela, ukushoda kwe-semiconductor kuzoqhubeka nokuba nomthelela embonini yezimoto zikagesi.Ngenxa yochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nezinkinga zendawo ezibangela ukushoda okukhulu, kube khona umfutho omkhulu wokuthola izimboni ezengeziwe ze-semiconductor e-US.
Imboni ye-GlobalFoundries eMalta, eNew York
Ikhredithi Yesithombe: GlobalFoundries
Isibonelo, abakwaFord basanda kumemezela ukubambisana ne-GlobalFoundries ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip asekhaya futhi i-GM yamemezela ukubambisana okufanayo neWolfspeed.Ukwengeza, abaphathi be-Biden baphothule "Umthethosivivinywa We-Chips" olinde ukugunyazwa yingqungquthela.Uma kuvunywa, imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-50 zamaRandi izoxhasa ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip, ucwaningo, nokuthuthukiswa.
Kodwa-ke, ngamaphesenti angama-70 kuye kwangama-80 wezingxenye zebhethri zamanje zama-semiconductors acutshungulwa e-China, ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri yase-US kufanele kukhuphuke ukuze kube nethuba lokulwa lokusinda embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto zikagesi.
Ukuze uthole ezinye izindaba zezimoto nezimoto zikagesi, hlola ukukhangisa kwezimoto zikagesi ze-Super Bowl LVI, imoto kagesi ibanga elide kunawo wonke emhlabeni, kanye nohambo lomgwaqo olungcono kakhulu ongaluthatha e-US.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-28-2022